Browse Items · Collection of Biothreat Risk Assessments (COBRA)

Defense Against Biological Attacks Vol II

Volume II provides high-level overviews of the biological agents that are most commonly associated with biodefense activities. Additional chapters present the status quo of antibacterial and antiviral therapy and diagnostic development.

2021

Tags: Civil Disruption, Controllability, Countermeasures, Decontamination, Detection, Dissemination, Economic Consequences, Genetic Modification, Genetic Variation, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Infectivity, Morbidity, Mortality, Production, Stability, Terrorist Use

Handbook on Biological Warfare Preparedness

Introduces the basics of biological warfare agent history, biology, and preparedness. Places particular focus on detection technologies.

2019

Beyond the Dirty Dozen: A Proposed Methodology for Assessing Future Bioweapons Threats

Looks at bioweaponry in the context of state-sponsored warfare. Created a scoring matrix to evaluate weaponization potential where agents were ranked from 0-3 across 12 risk attributes by NATO biodefense experts.

2018

Tags: Controllability, Countermeasures, Detection, Dissemination, Incubation, Infectivity, Morbidity, Mortality, Production, Stability, Transmissibility

The Soviet Biological Weapons Program

This book thoroughlydescribes the Soviet biological weapons problem and assesses potential lingering risks in its wake.

2012

Tags: Controllability, Countermeasures, Detection, Dissemination, Economic Consequences, Environmental Persistence, Genetic Modification, Incubation, Infectivity, Military Use, Morbidity, Mortality, Population Susceptibility, Production, Stability, Terrorist Use, Transmissibility

Defending the US Air Transportation System Against Chemical and Biological Threats

This report explores defensive strategies that could be used to protect air transportation spaces (specifically, airport terminals and aircraft) against attack with chemical or biological agents and makes recommendations to TSA.

2006

Tags: Countermeasures, Detection, Dissemination, Economic Consequences, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Morbidity, Mortality, Terrorist Use

The Weapon Potential of a Microbe

Relationship between virulence and weapon potential, with consideration of a variety of quantitative parameters.

2004

Tags: Civil Disruption, Countermeasures, Dissemination, Incubation, Infectivity, Morbidity, Population Susceptibility, Stability, Transmissibility

Biological Warfare and Bioterrorism: A Historical Review

This historical review assesses the threat of bioterrorist as terrorism in general increases as a threat.

2004

Tags: Availability, Civil Disruption, Countermeasures, Detection, Genetic Modification, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Morbidity, Mortality, Production, Terrorist Use

Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses as Biological Weapons

This article aims to give recommendations for measures to be taken by medical and public health professionals if hemorrhagic fever viruses are used as biological weapons against a civilian population.

2002

Tags: Availability, Civil Disruption, Countermeasures, Decontamination, Detection, Dissemination, Environmental Persistence, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Infectivity, Morbidity, Mortality, Production, Public Health, Stability, Transmissibility

The Threat of Biological Weapons: Prophylaxis and Mitigation of Psychological and Social Consequences

This report discusses the potential acute and chronic psychiatric casualties following a biological weapons attack.

1997

Tags: Civil Disruption, Incubation, Morbidity, Novelty

Clinical Recognition and Management of Patients Exposed to Biological Warfare Agents

This provides a primer on 10 different biological weapon's symptoms to aid in a prompt clinical diagnosis.

1997

Tags: Controllability, Countermeasures, Detection, Dissemination, Environmental Persistence, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Infectivity, Military Use, Morbidity, Mortality, Public Health, Stability, Transmissibility

Biological Terrorism: Preparing to Meet the Threat

This article discusses the threat of bioterrorism in the United States.

1997

Tags: Civil Disruption, Countermeasures, Detection, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Mortality, Terrorist Use

Bacterial Warfare: The Use of Biologic Agents in Warfare

Evaluates possibility of BW in response to public interest/concern. Reviews practical limitations to development and use of biological weapons. Covers Intestinal Disease, Respiratory Disease, Insect-Transmitted Disease, Infective (Non-Communicable)…

1933

Tags: Availability, Controllability, Countermeasures, Dissemination, Economic Consequences, Incubation, Infectivity, Military Use, Morbidity, Mortality, Population Susceptibility, Production, Stability, Transmissibility

Emerging Technology and Risk Analysis: Synthetic Pandemics.

Assessed whether engineering pathogens capable of "sustained, human-to-human transmission and causing mortality and morbidity" is possible/probable. Also considers how such pathogens would compare to naturally emergent pathogens in these regards, the…

2024

Tags: Availability, Controllability, Countermeasures, Detection, Dissemination, Economic Consequences, Genetic Modification, Genetic Variation, Incubation, Infectivity, Morbidity, Mortality, Novelty, Production, Risk Assessment, Stability, Terrorist Use, Transmissibility

Application of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Techniques and Decision Support Framework for Informing Select Agent Designation for Agricultural Animal Pathogens

This report assesses the utility of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and decision support framework (DSF) in assisting the US Department of Agriculture in its reviews of select agents. It uses the method to assess 41 pathogens against 21…

2023

Tags: Availability, Controllability, Countermeasures, Decontamination, Economic Consequences, Environmental Persistence, Genetic Modification, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Infectivity, Mortality, Population Susceptibility, Production, Public Health, Stability, Terrorist Use, Transmissibility

The Characteristics of Pandemic Pathogens

This study attempts to name the characteristics of naturally occurring microorganisms which constitute a global catastrophic biological risk (GCBR).

2018

Tags: Countermeasures, Detection, Dissemination, Incubation, Infectivity, Mortality, Population Susceptibility, Transmissibility

Medical Aspects of Biological Warfare

This is the third edition of Medical Aspects of Biological Warfare and aims to highlight the current state of science on individual agents and toxins and general response capabilities to prevent knowledge gaps and serve as a reference source for the…

2018

The Shaping of US Biodefense Posture

This report is an historical analysis of US biodefense and bioweapons posture in order to understand the disparity between chemical weapons preparedness and biological weapons preparedness.

2015

Tags: Countermeasures, Decontamination, Detection, Dissemination, Economic Consequences, Environmental Persistence, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Infectivity, Military Use, Morbidity, Mortality, Population Susceptibility, Terrorist Use, Transmissibility

Medical Management of Biological Casualties Handbook

The purpose of this handbook is to serve as a concise, pocket-sized manual that can be used in a crisis to guide medical personnel in the prophylaxis and management of biological casualties.

2011

Tags: Availability, Countermeasures, Decontamination, Detection, Dissemination, Economic Consequences, Environmental Persistence, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Infectivity, Morbidity, Mortality, Production, Public Health, Stability, Transmissibility

Ready or Not? Protecting the Public's Health in the Age of Bioterrorism

This is the fourth report in the series that seeks to assess the level of preparedness in the states, evaluate the federal government�s role and performance, and offer recommendations for improving emergency preparedness in case of a biological…

2006

Tags: Countermeasures, Detection, Economic Consequences, Incubation, Infectivity, Population Susceptibility, Public Health, Terrorist Use

Public Health Response to Biological and Chemical Weapons

The report assesses the health aspects of the threat of biological and chemical weapons, including specific agents, focusing on civilian impacts. It then makes recommendations for preparedness and prevention of attacks.

2004

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