Browse Items · Collection of Biothreat Risk Assessments (COBRA)

Biological Warfare and Bioterrorism: A Historical Review

This historical review assesses the threat of bioterrorist as terrorism in general increases as a threat.

Tags: Availability, Civil Disruption, Countermeasures, Detection, Genetic Modification, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Morbidity, Mortality, Production, Terrorist Use

Microbial Threats to Health

This book describes all microbial threats to human health, especially considering the intentional use of microbes as weapons and the consequences of scientific advancement.

Tags: Civil Disruption, Controllability, Detection, Dissemination, Economic Consequences, Environmental Persistence, Genetic Modification, Genetic Variation, Historical Weaponization Interest, Infectivity, Morbidity, Mortality, Novelty, Population Susceptibility, Production, Public Health, Stability, Terrorist Use, Transmissibility

The Emergence of Zoonotic Diseases

This report summarizes the findings of the Institute of Medicine's Forum on Emerging Infections' workshop about zoonoses.

Tags: Civil Disruption, Controllability, Economic Consequences, Genetic Variation, Historical Weaponization Interest, Military Use, Mortality, Novelty, Public Health, Terrorist Use, Transmissibility

Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses as Biological Weapons

This article aims to give recommendations for measures to be taken by medical and public health professionals if hemorrhagic fever viruses are used as biological weapons against a civilian population.

Tags: Availability, Civil Disruption, Countermeasures, Decontamination, Detection, Dissemination, Environmental Persistence, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Infectivity, Morbidity, Mortality, Production, Public Health, Stability, Transmissibility

Countering Bioterrorism: The Role of Science and Technology

This report summarizes the shortcomings of US preparedness for a bioterrorist attack and makes recommendations.

Tags: Civil Disruption, Countermeasures, Decontamination, Detection, Economic Consequences, Environmental Persistence, Genetic Modification, Genetic Variation, Military Use, Morbidity, Mortality, Novelty, Public Health, Terrorist Use, Transmissibility

Biological Threats and Terrorism

This report summarizes a workshop of the Forum on Emerging Infectious Diseases in which members explored the current scientific understanding of threatening pathogens and what measures have been put in place to better monitor, prevent, and respond to…

Tags: Civil Disruption, Detection, Dissemination, Economic Consequences, Genetic Modification, Genetic Variation, Historical Weaponization Interest, Infectivity, Morbidity, Mortality, Population Susceptibility, Production, Public Health, Terrorist Use, Transmissibility

Iraq's Biological Weapons

Surveys Iraq's capabilities in BW during and after the Gulf War, aiming to identify whether continued risk exists for BW development.

Tags: Controllability, Dissemination, Economic Consequences, Infectivity, Military Use, Morbidity, Mortality, Production, Stability

Clinical Recognition and Management of Patients Exposed to Biological Warfare Agents

This provides a primer on 10 different biological weapon's symptoms to aid in a prompt clinical diagnosis.

Tags: Controllability, Countermeasures, Detection, Dissemination, Environmental Persistence, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Infectivity, Military Use, Morbidity, Mortality, Public Health, Stability, Transmissibility

Botulism Surveillance and Emergency Response

This report summarizes the US and global capabilities to combat a terrorist attack using botulinum toxin.

Tags: Countermeasures, Dissemination, Military Use, Mortality, Production, Terrorist Use

Biological Terrorism: Preparing to Meet the Threat

This article discusses the threat of bioterrorism in the United States.

Tags: Civil Disruption, Countermeasures, Detection, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Mortality, Terrorist Use

Proliferation Profile Assessment of Emerging Biological Weapons Threats

Research paper presented to the Directorate of Research Air Command and Staff College.

Tags: Availability, Countermeasures, Decontamination, Detection, Military Use, Morbidity, Mortality, Production, Terrorist Use

Peace or Pestilence: Biological Warfare and How to Avoid It

Authored by Theodor Rosebury, the author of Experimental Air-Borne Infection. The purpose of the work is to inform the public about biological warfare in the face of a lack of government transparency.

Tags: Availability, Civil Disruption, Controllability, Countermeasures, Detection, Infectivity, Morbidity, Mortality, Stability, Transmissibility

Bacterial Warfare: A Critical Analysis of the Available Agents, Their Possible Military Applications, and the Means for Protection Against Them

Description of transmission routes/pathways for grouping infectious diseases broadly (food- and water-borne, contact, air-borne, vector-borne, endogenous). Criteria for selection of infective agents that pose biological warfare risk. Rules out a list…

Tags: Availability, Controllability, Countermeasures, Decontamination, Detection, Infectivity, Military Use, Mortality, Population Susceptibility, Transmissibility

Bacterial Warfare: The Use of Biologic Agents in Warfare

Evaluates possibility of BW in response to public interest/concern. Reviews practical limitations to development and use of biological weapons. Covers Intestinal Disease, Respiratory Disease, Insect-Transmitted Disease, Infective (Non-Communicable)…

Tags: Availability, Controllability, Countermeasures, Dissemination, Economic Consequences, Incubation, Infectivity, Military Use, Morbidity, Mortality, Population Susceptibility, Production, Stability, Transmissibility

Emerging Technology and Risk Analysis: Synthetic Pandemics.

Assessed whether engineering pathogens capable of "sustained, human-to-human transmission and causing mortality and morbidity" is possible/probable. Also considers how such pathogens would compare to naturally emergent pathogens in these regards, the…

Tags: Availability, Controllability, Countermeasures, Detection, Dissemination, Economic Consequences, Genetic Modification, Genetic Variation, Incubation, Infectivity, Morbidity, Mortality, Novelty, Production, Risk Assessment, Stability, Terrorist Use, Transmissibility

Application of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Techniques and Decision Support Framework for Informing Select Agent Designation for Agricultural Animal Pathogens

2023 Application of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Techniques and Decision Support Framework for Informing Select Agent Designation for Agricultural Animal Pathogens.pdf

This report assesses the utility of multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) and decision support framework (DSF) in assisting the US Department of Agriculture in its reviews of select agents. It uses the method to assess 41 pathogens against 21…

Tags: Availability, Controllability, Countermeasures, Decontamination, Economic Consequences, Environmental Persistence, Genetic Modification, Historical Weaponization Interest, Incubation, Infectivity, Mortality, Population Susceptibility, Production, Public Health, Stability, Terrorist Use, Transmissibility

The Development and Use of Decision Support Framework for Informing Selection of Select Agent Toxins with Modelling Studies To Inform Permissible Toxin Amounts

2022 The Development and Use of Decision Support Framework for Informing Selection of Select Agent Toxins with Modelling Studies To Inform Permissible Toxin Amounts.pdf

This paper developed and applied decision support framework (DSF) approaches to assess toxins for inclusion on the select agents list and developed attack scenarios to determine the amount of toxin required to impact public health in order to…

Tags: Countermeasures, Dissemination, Historical Weaponization Interest, Morbidity, Mortality, Production, Public Health, Risk Assessment, Stability

Proposed Biosecurity Oversight Framework for the Future of Science

US government charged NSABB with "evaluating and providing recommendations on the effectiveness of two major US biosecurity policy frameworks governing" research with enhanced potential pandemic pathogens (ePPP) and dual use research of concern.

Tags: Controllability, Countermeasures, Dissemination, Infectivity, Morbidity, Mortality, Population Susceptibility, Stability

Application of Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis Techniques for Informing Select Agent Designation and Decision Making

Gives information on updates regarding the Division of Select Agents and Toxins' select agent scoring and ranking system. The review is contextualized by abundant criticism of the 2008 Bioterrorism Risk Assessment for overly complex modeling, lack of…

Tags: Controllability, Countermeasures, Decontamination, Dissemination, Genetic Modification, Infectivity, Morbidity, Mortality, Population Susceptibility, Production, Public Health, Stability, Transmissibility

Bioterrorism: Applying the Lens of Covid-19

This report by the Counter Terrorism Preparedness network discusses the gaps in international security exposed by the COVID-19 pandemic.

Tags: Availability, Civil Disruption, Detection, Economic Consequences, Historical Weaponization Interest, Morbidity, Mortality, Novelty, Public Health, Terrorist Use

Browse Items (168 total)